Publicações - ciências agrárias
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Ferreira, Gabriel Martins;
MOREIRA, RAFAELE REGINA;
JAREK, TIAGO MIGUEL;
NESI, CRISTIANO NUNES;
Luis Antonio Biasi;
May De Mio, Louise Larissa
Palavra-chave:
Vitis labrusca;
doenças;
Plasmopara viticola;
Pseudocercospora vitis
Áreas do conhecimento:
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Agronomia; Fitossanidade; Defesa Fitossanitária
resumo ...
The number of organic vineyards around the metropolitan region of Curitiba-Paraná-Brazil is increasing, and alternative products to control downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) and grapevine leaf spot (Pseudocercospora vitis) are crucial for the development of organic grape production. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of ten alternative products to control downy mildew on ‘Concord’ and grapevine leaf spot on ‘Bordo’. The incidence and severity of both diseases were assessed to compare the treatments during two consecutive seasons in an organic vineyard under favorable weather conditions for the development of the diseases, in the metropolitan region of Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Biostimulant (Eurofit Max) reduced downy mildew incidence and severity in both seasons compared to the control. Lime sulfur reduced downy mildew severity only in the second season. Lime sulfur was the most effective treatment against grapevine leaf spot reducing the disease incidence and severity in both seasons. The severity of grapevine leaf spot was also reduced in the second season by Bacillus alcalophylus, biostimulant and chitosan. Lime sulfur showed phytotoxic effects at the doses and application frequency tested, reducing internode length and diameter on ‘Bordo’. Biostimulant provided increased internode size in ‘Concord’. This study demonstrated that alternative control may be effective against downy mildew and grapevine leaf spot. These findings contribute to the establishment of more sustainable V. labrusca production while maintaining the efficacy of disease control.
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Favaretto, Nerilde;
CHEROBIM, VEREDIANA FERNANDA;
Silveira, Fabiana de Medeiros;
TIMOFIECSYK, ADRIANA;
SKALITZ, REBERT;
BARTH, GABRIEL;
Volnei Pauletti;
Jeferson Dieckow;
Vezzani, Fabiane Machado
Palavra-chave:
Slurry;
Surface runoff;
Water Quality;
nutrients;
eutrophication
Áreas do conhecimento:
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Agronomia; Ciência do Solo; Fertilidade do Solo e Adubação;
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal; Manejo e Conservação do Solo
resumo ...
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Mariana Faber Flores;
Valmor Antonio Konflanz;
Douglas Rodrigo Baretta;
Eduardo Beche;
Elesandro Bornhofen;
Andreza Cerioni Belniaki;
Thomas Bruno Michelon;
Maristela Panobianco
GLOBAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,
v. 14,
p. 13-21,
2022
Palavra-chave:
Produção e Tecnologia de sementes;
Glycine max
Áreas do conhecimento:
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Tecnologia de Alimentos
resumo ...
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SALAS, JORGE MARIO CHÁVEZ;
TETTO, ALEXANDRE;
REYNEL, CARLOS;
Nilton José Sousa
Palavra-chave:
Governança;
sustentabilidade;
Área Protegida;
turismo sustentável
Áreas do conhecimento:
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Tecnologia de Alimentos;
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal; Conservação da Natureza; Recuperação de Areas Degradadas
resumo ...
(es)
The objective of this research was to evaluate the management of tourism in the Bosque de Pómac Historic Sanctuary, in the region of Lambayeque, Peru, by developing a methodology using criteria and variables related to the sustainability of the protected natural area and the activity. Although several methodologies can be used to evaluate the general management of natural protected areas, this study focuses exclusively on tourism-related activities in one specific area. To develop the methodology, international documents related to tourism, nature, and culture were reviewed, and six criteria were obtained to evaluate the progress of tourism management in natural protected areas: Management Governance, Heritage Conservation, Identity and Authenticity, Equity and Inclusion, Marketing and Commercialization, and Visitor Experience. Subsequently, fifty-six variables were determined to be evaluated within the six criteria. A numerical evaluation matrix was designed in order to be applied to the criteria and variables with four rating levels; semi-structured interviews were conducted with twenty-five specialists in the area of tourism and natural protected areas (businesspeople, academics, consultants, public officials, as well as local entrepreneurs) linked to the protected area, and information was obtained from technical reports and field inspections. Using the scores, it was determined that the sanctuary has positively developed the criteria of Governance, Conservation, and Visitor Experience, while the issues related to Cultural Identity and Authenticity, as well as Inclusion and Equity, still need to be improved. Keywords: governance, sustainability, protected areas, sustainable tourism.
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GOMES VERNASCHI, LORENA CARLA;
VALOTTO, ALTAIR ANTÔNIO;
EL FARO ZADRA, LENIRA;
Rodrigo de Almeida Teixeira;
Laila Talarico Dias Teixeira
Palavra-chave:
age at first calving;
Dairy cow;
Longevity;
Milk Yield;
productive lifespan;
voluntary culling
Áreas do conhecimento:
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Zootecnia; Genética e Melhoramento dos Animais Domésticos
resumo ...
Context Length of productive life is defined as the number of days from first calving to the last day of milking records, when the cow is no longer sufficiently productive. Although it has economic implications, length of productive life has not yet been included in Brazilian dairy cattle breeding programs because it depends on other traits such as age at first calving, milk production level and disease occurrence. In addition, its evaluation occurs later in life, and heritability coefficients are low.Aims The aim of this study was to identify the effects of both age at first calving and accumulated 305-day milk yield in the first lactation on length of productive life in Holstein cows.Methods Official dairy control data of 31562 Holstein cows, calved from 2010 to 2014, in 321 herds from Paraná state, Brazil, were analysed by using the Kaplan–Meier estimator and Cox regression model.Key results First calving at<21months was associated with shortest productive life (1197.01±232.40days), whereas first calving at 24months was associated with the lowest hazard ratio (0.572), suggesting that this is the most suitable age of first calving for a longer productive life. Low-yielding cows (first lactation yield<6392kg) had the second lowest survival probability (47.20%), the shortest productive life (1150.60±234.51days) and the highest voluntary hazard ratio (1.30) and were prematurely culled from the herds. High-yielding cows (first lactation yield >12024kg) had lower culling risk at the first lactation.Conclusions Cows that started their reproductive life ∼16months of age (first calving at 24months) had the longest productive life and an average first lactation milk yield ∼9000kg.Implications Reproductive management practices could affect length of productive life through effects on age at first calving and first lactation milk yield. Most of the Holstein semen used in Brazil comes from countries where longevity has already been included in selection indexes; thus, early identification of cow longevity could be used for culling decisions.
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OJEDA-ROBERTOS, NADIA F.;
PERALTA-TORRES, JORGE A.;
PARRA-BRACAMONTE, GASPAR M.;
CRUZ-GONZÁLEZ, ALBA R.;
LUNA-PALOMERA, CARLOS;
ULÍN-YZQUIERDO, CRUZ;
PIRES, LUCIANA A.;
Marcelo Beltrão Molento
Palavra-chave:
Livestock;
trematoda;
infection risk;
Epidemiology;
liver fluke
resumo ...
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PEREIRA, MILENA;
BASSACO, MARCOS VINICIUS MARTINS;
Motta, Antonio Carlos Vargas;
MAEDA, SHIZUO;
PRIOR, STEPHEN A.;
MARQUES, RENATO;
MAGRI, EDERLAN;
BOGNOLA, ITAMAR ANTONIO;
GOMES, JOÃO BOSCO VASCONCELLOS
Palavra-chave:
Nutrição florestal;
pinus;
resíduos
Áreas do conhecimento:
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Agronomia; Ciência do Solo; Fertilidade do Solo e Adubação;
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal; Silvicultura; Solos Florestais;
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal; Silvicultura; Nutrição Florestal
resumo ...
Nutrient return to soil by applying forest industry residues help ameliorate soil nutrient exhaustion and promote forest management sustainability. This study evaluated the effects of forest industry residue application on soil attributes, on forest floor amounts, and on growth and nutrition of Pinus taeda L. (loblolly pine). Six rates (0, 14, 25, 49, and 60 T ha−1) of residue (boiler ash and cellulose sludge mixture) were applied to P. taeda stands on a low fertility soil. Seven years after application, trees were harvested for wood volume, wood biomass, canopy mass, and nutrient composition. Wood density was determined along the trunk length. Soil samples from 0–10 to 10–20 cm depths were collected for evaluating chemical attributes. Although residue application only resulted in small increases in soil Ca and P availability, high yield enhancements were observed with no compromise to wood density. Maximum growth response was obtained with the 49 T ha−1 residue application. This rate enhanced trunk volume from 117 to 250 m3 ha−1, total biomass from 76 to 127 T ha−1, and total C from 34.5 to 57.2 T ha−1. Residue application decreased Mn content in all biomass compartments, and values above 193.5 (needles) and 26.2 mg kg−1 (bark) defined low annual growth increases. Residue application also decreased Al, Fe, S, B, Ca, and P concentrations in branches or needles. Forest floor was enhanced by residue amendment, which increased C sequestration by 7 T/ha. Forest sustainability practices can be enhanced by applications of industrial residues while improving tree yield and nutrition.
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Paulo de Tarso Cunha Chaves
Áreas do conhecimento:
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Recursos Pesqueiros Marinhos; Ictioparasitologia
resumo ...
(en)
Of particular concern in commercial fishing catch is 'size bycatch', i.e., the death of early stages of resources that would reach a marketable value when they turn into adults. This event is frequently associated with trawling because of the lower size selectivity of this gear as compared to gillnets. However, this is expected when small-scale fisheries (SSF) employ gillnets simultaneously in setnets + driftnets that mix multiple mesh sizes. This work analyzes fishing captures and compares characteristics of fish catch from gillnets and trawlers with respect to size at first maturation, legal size of capture, and expected discards. Data were obtained from 2007-2021 for SSF in Southern Brazil. A total of 112 fish species were represented in the data. Gillnets exploited fewer species than trawlers; however, most of these constitute fishing resources in the study region. Of the 19 species whose maturation size is known, nine occurred in gillnets as juveniles, and of the 14 species for which the legal size of capture is established, seven occurred in gillnets in prohibited sizes. Gillnets and trawlers presented size bycatch and affected different species between them, with four resources that were present in bycatch from both gillnets and trawlers. The broad range of mesh sizes employed by SSF warns of the discarding of undersized captures, and stresses the importance of policies addressing gillnet management.
(es)
De particular preocupación en la pesca comercial es el tamaño de los organismos en la captura incidental, es decir, la muerte de las primeras etapas de los recursos que alcanzarían un valor comercial cuando se conviertan en adultos. Este evento se asocia frecuentemente con la pesca de arrastre debido a la menor selectividad de tamaño de este arte en comparación con las redes de enmalle. Sin embargo, esto es esperable cuando en las pesquerías de pequeña escala (PPE) se emplean redes de enmalle simultáneamente en las redes de arrastre + redes de deriva que mezclan varios tamaños de malla. Este trabajo analiza las capturas pesqueras y compara las características de las capturas de peces en las redes de enmalle y en los arrastreros con respecto al tamaño de primera madurez, el tamaño legal de la captura y los descartes esperados. Se obtuvieron datos de 2007-2021 para la PPE en el sur de Brasil. En los datos estuvieron representadas un total de 112 especies de peces. Las redes de enmalle explotaron menos especies que los arrastreros; sin embargo, la mayoría de estos constituyeron recursos pesqueros en la región de estudio. De las 19 especies cuyo tamaño de maduración se conoce, nueve se encontraron en las redes de enmalle como juveniles, y de las 14 especies para las que se establece el tamaño legal de captura, siete se encontraron en redes de enmalle en tamaños prohibidos. Las redes de enmalle y los arrastreros presentaron captura incidental de tamaño y afectaron a diferentes especies en forma conjunta, con cuatro recursos que estuvieron presentes en la captura incidental tanto de redes de enmalle como de arrastreros. La amplia gama de tamaños de malla empleados por la PPE es una advertencia sobre el descarte de capturas de tamaño pequeño y enfatiza la importancia de políticas que aborden el manejo de las redes de enmalle.
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MAGRI, EDERLAN;
BARBOSA, JULIERME ZIMMER;
CORRÊA, RODRIGO STUDART;
AULER, ANDRÉ CARLOS;
VALDUGA, ALICE TERESA;
Motta, Antonio Carlos Vargas
Palavra-chave:
Ilex paraguariensis;
Fertilidade do solo;
sustentabilidade agricola
Áreas do conhecimento:
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Agronomia; Ciência do Solo; Nutrição Mineral de Plantas;
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal; Silvicultura; Nutrição Florestal
resumo ...
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PORTUGAL, THALES BAGGIO;
Alda Lúcia Gomes Monteiro;
SZYMCZAK, LEONARDO SILVESTRI;
DE MORAES, ANIBAL;
FONSECA, Lidiane;
Mezzalira, Jean Carlos;
SAVIAN, JEAN VÍCTOR;
ZUBIETA, ANGEL SÁNCHEZ;
Bremm, Carolina;
Paulo César de Faccio Carvalho
Palavra-chave:
manejo de pastagens
resumo ...
We assessed the effects of high-intensity and low-frequency (HILF) vs. low-intensity and high-frequency (LIHF) grazing on herbage production and performance of beef cattle grazing sorghum pastures. The experimental design was a complete randomized block with two treatments and four replicates (paddocks), carried out in 2014/15. The management target of 50 and 30 cm for pre- and post-grazing, respectively, a LIHF grazing management strategy oriented to maximize beef cattle herbage intake per unit time, was compared with a HILF grazing management strategy of 80 and 20 cm for pre- and post-grazing, respectively, aiming to maximize herbage accumulation and harvest efficiency. Sixteen Brangus steers of 15-month-old and 265 ± 21 kg of live weight (LW) were randomly distributed to paddocks (experimental units). The LIHF resulted in shorter rest periods when compared with the HILF. The greater leaf lamina mass in LIHF allowed greater sward light interception at post-grazing, resulting in greater total herbage production than HILF (7581 and 4154 kg DM/ha, respectively). The average daily gain (ADG) of steers was greater for the LIHF than for the HILF treatment (0.950 and 0.702 kg/animal, respectively); however, even with a greater stocking rate in the HILF, there was no difference for LW gain per ha, with an average of 4 kg LW/ha/day. Our findings demonstrated that the LIHF strategy that is based on offering to the animals an optimal sward structure to favor the maximum herbage intake rate fosters greater herbage production, harvesting efficiency, and ADG without compromising LW gain per area of beef steers, despite the lower herbage harvested per stocking cycle.
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