Publicações - ciências exatas e da terra
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CRISIGIOVANNI, ENZO LUIGI;
Afonso Figueiredo Filho;
PESCK, VAGNER ALEX;
DE LIMA, VANDERLEI APARECIDO
Palavra-chave:
Random Forest;
Artificial Neural Network;
genetic algorithm;
Textural attributes;
Hovenia dulcis;
Araucaria angustifolia
Áreas do conhecimento:
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal; Manejo Florestal; Dendrometria e Inventário Florestal;
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Geociências; Geofísica; Sensoriamento Remoto
resumo ...
We found high accuracy classification (Fmeasure = 95%, on cross-validation) of Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze, an endangered native species, and Hovenia dulcis Thunb. an aggressive, invasive alien species in WorldView-2 multispectral images. In applying machine learning algorithms, the spectral attributes mainly related to the near-infrared band were the most important for the models. It is difficult to classify tree species in tropical rainforests due to the high spectral response’s diversity of existing species, as well as to adjust efficient machine learning techniques and orbital image resolution. To explore the spectral and textural response of an endangered species (A. angustifolia) and an invasive species (H. dulcis) in WorldView-2 multispectral images, testing its recognition capability by machine learning techniques. We used a WordView-2 (2016) image with 0.5-m spatial resolution. Then we manually clipped the canopy area of the two species in this image using two compositions: True color composition (R=660 nm, G=545 nm, B=480 nm) and near-infrared composition (NIR-2=950 nm, G=545 nm, B=480 nm). Thus, we applied spectral and textural descriptors (pyramid histogram of oriented gradients—PHOG and Edge Filter), which selects the most representative features of the dataset. Finally, we used artificial neural networks (ANN) and random forest (RF) for tree species classification. The species classification was performed with high accuracy (Fmeasure = 95%, on cross-validation), essentially for spectral attributes using the near-infrared composition. RF surpassed the ANN classification rates and also proved to be more stable and faster for training and testing. The WorldView-2 multispectral sensor showed the potential to provide sufficient information for classifying two species, proving its usefulness in this phytophysiognomy where hyperspectral sensors are generally used for this type of classification.
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Giovani Lopes Vasconcelos;
Antônio Murilo Santos Macêdo;
Gerson C. Duarte-Filho;
Arthur A. Brum;
Raydonal Ospina;
Francisco A. G. Almeida
Palavra-chave:
COVID-19;
Growth Models;
complexity;
Power law behavior
resumo ...
We apply a versatile growth model, whose growth rate is given by a generalised beta distribution, to describe the complex behaviour of the fatality curves of the COVID-19 disease for several countries in Europe and North America. We show that the COVID-19 epidemic curves not only may present a subexponential early growth but can also exhibit a similar subexponential (power-law) behaviour in the saturation regime. We argue that the power-law exponent of the latter regime, which measures how quickly the curve approaches the plateau, is directly related to control measures, in the sense that the less strict the control, the smaller the exponent and hence the slower the diseases progresses to its end. The power-law saturation uncovered here is an important result, because it signals to policymakers and health authorities that it is important to keep control measures for as long as possible, so as to avoid a slow, power-law ending of the disease. The slower the approach to the plateau, the longer the virus lingers on in the population, and the greater not only the final death toll but also the risk of a resurgence of infections.
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Iala Bertasso;
Carla Bruna Pietrobon;
Rosane Ribeiro;
Ana Tereza Bittencourt Guimaraes;
Balbo, Sandra Lucinei;
Bonfleur, Maria Lúcia
Palavra-chave:
bariatric operation;
pregnancy and lactation;
maternal programming;
Obesity
Áreas do conhecimento:
Ciências Biológicas; Bioquímica dos Microorganismos; Enzimologia;
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Probabilidade e Estatística; Bioestatística
resumo ...
Pregnancy and lactation after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass worsen nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in obese rats and lead to differential programming of hepatic de novo lipogenesis in offspring - Volume 13 Issue 2
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Marcia Cristina da Cunha;
Edivaldo Lopes Thomaz;
Fabiano Antonio de Oliveira
Palavra-chave:
Bacia hidrográfica;
Resposta hidrológica;
Vertente;
interceptação
Áreas do conhecimento:
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Geociências; Geografia Física; Hidrologia;
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Geociências; Geografia Física; Geomorfologia Fluvial
resumo ...
(en)
Although rural roads allow the development of rural communities, they alter the natural hydrological response of the river basin. This study was carried out in the Guabiroba River Basin, Guarapuava-PR, Brazil, in order to verify how subsurface hydrological processes are influenced by rural road cuts. For that, field surveys were carried out to identify the types of interception of the flow in subsurface. Rainfall (mm), groundwater level (cm) and flow (l / s) were also monitored at the interception sites. As a result, three main types were identified: return flow, pipe flow and saturated troughflow. The pipe-type flow responded by more than 60% of the intercepted flow volume, however, the height of the water table level and the dwell time was higher in the return flow. The saturated troughflow contributed 20% of the volume of intercepted flow. It is concluded, therefore, that the types of subsurface interception and the differentiated mechanisms of these can alter the natural hydrological dynamics of the basin, provoking a shorter response time than through infiltration and displacement in the soil. Thus, studies on rural roads are fundamental for the development of rural communities from a geographical point of view.
(pt)
Embora as estradas rurais permitam o desenvolvimento das comunidades rurais, elas alteram a resposta hidrológica natural da bacia hidrográfica. Este estudo foi realizado na bacia do Rio Guabiroba, Guarapuava-PR, Brasil, com o objetivo de verificar como os processos hidrológicos subsuperficiais são influenciados por cortes de estrada rural. Foram realizados levantamentos de campo para identificação dos tipos de interceptação do fluxo em subsuperfície. Foi realizado também o monitoramento da chuva (mm), nível do lençol freático (cm) e vazão (l/s) nos locais de interceptação. Como resultado, três tipos principais foram identificados: fluxo de retorno, fluxo pipe e fluxo insaturado. O fluxo do tipo pipe respondeu por mais de 60% do volume de vazão interceptada, porém, a altura da profundidade do nível do lençol freático e o tempo de permanência foi mais elevado no fluxo de retorno. Já o fluxo insaturado contribuiu com 20% do volume de vazão interceptada. Conclui-se, portanto, que os tipos de interceptação subsuperficial e os mecanismos diferenciados destes podem alterar a dinâmica hidrológica natural da bacia, provocando um tempo de resposta menor que por meio da infiltração e deslocamento no solo. Assim, estudos em estradas rurais é fundamental para o desenvolvimento das comunidades rurais do ponto de vista geográfico.
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Ariane Maria Basilio Pigosso;
Eduardo Vedor de Paula
Palavra-chave:
Unidades de Conservação;
Licenciamento Ambiental;
Estudos Ambientais;
Litoral do Paraná
Áreas do conhecimento:
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Planejamento e Gestão Ambiental
resumo ...
(en)
Several initiatives emerged to deal with environmental problems, such as Protected Areas and Environmental Impact Assessment, spread worldwide. The coast of Paraná State, southern Brazil, is 82.6% covered by protected areas to conserve the remnants of the Atlantic Forest and its associated ecosystems, whereas port activities date back to the colonial period and remain important, demanding expansions. The present study evaluated the Protected Areas' approach given by environmental licensing processes of port and industrial projects surrounding the Paranaguá Estuarine Complex. To this end, two checklists assessed the Terms of Reference (TR) and the Environmental Impact Statements (EIS) to classify them. EIS turned out to be of average quality, although they fulfilled about 70% of the Terms of Reference requirements. The point is that the TR are indeed poor.
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KRUG, LILIAN;
ESCUDERO, LUÍS;
TAPIA, MARIA;
Mauricio Almeida Noernberg;
AHMED, MOHAMED;
MENON, NANDINI;
BETANCUR, STELLA;
SARKER, SUBRATA;
HUDA, SAMIUL;
GONZALEZ-SILVERA, ADRIANA;
EDWARD, AKINNIGBAGBE;
BERGHOFF, CARLA;
NARANJO, CHRISTIAN;
MAHU, EDEM;
LÓPEZ-CALDERÓN, JORGE
Palavra-chave:
monitoramento ambiental;
NANO-DOAP;
POGO;
Observação costeira;
Qualidade da Água
Áreas do conhecimento:
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Oceanografia Física; Variáveis Físicas da Água do Mar;
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Oceanografia; Oceanografia Física; Propriedades Ópticas da Água do Mar;
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Oceanografia; Oceanografia Biológica; Interação entre os Organismos Marinhos e os Parâmetros Ambientais
resumo ...
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OLIVEIRA, EDINILZE S.C.;
PONTES, FLÁVIA L.D.;
ACHO, LEONARD D.R.;
DO ROSÁRIO, ALESSANDRO S.;
DA SILVA, BÁRBARA JANAÍNA P.;
DE A. BEZERRA, JAQUELINE;
Francinete R. Campos;
LIMA, EMERSON S.;
MACHADO, MARCOS B.
Palavra-chave:
Myrcia sphaerocarpa;
Ellagitannin;
PULCON;
ESI-HRMS;
Enzymatic inhibition;
Flavonoid
resumo ...
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RIBAS, MARLOS O.;
DEVECCHI, FERNANDO P.;
Gilberto Medeiros Kremer
Palavra-chave:
Cosmologia;
Modelos Cosmológicos
Áreas do conhecimento:
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Astrofísica Extragalactica; Cosmologia;
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Física; Física Geral; Relatividade e Gravitação
resumo ...
We present a model of an early universe where the sources of gravitational effects are a scalar field, a relativistic fluid based on Schutz’s model and a self-interacting fermionic field. From the ...
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Denize Kalempa;
Felix Sharipov
Palavra-chave:
Discrete Velocity Method;
External flow;
Rarefied Gas;
Radiometric force
Áreas do conhecimento:
Engenharias; Engenharia Mecânica; Fenômenos de Transporte; Dinâmica dos Gases;
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Física; Física dos Fluídos, Física de Plasmas e Descargas Elétricas; Cinética e Teoria de Transporte de Fluídos; Propriedades Físicas de Gases
resumo ...
The radiometric force on a sphere due to its thermal polarization in a rarefied gas flow being in equilibrium is investigated on the basis of a kinetic model to the linearized Boltzmann equation. T...
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STEFFEN, DANIEL;
A CHAVES NETO
Palavra-chave:
Factor Analysis;
Ranking Model;
Self-organizing feature maps
Áreas do conhecimento:
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Ciência da Computação; Metodologia e Técnicas da Computação; Engenharia de Software
resumo ...
The present work aims to use Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) to group ranking results obtained by factor analysis. In this paper we propose the application of Factor Analysis at a stage prior to the application of the SOM, in order to use the factor scores of latent variables as input data for network training, as these scores carry practically all information regarding the variables of the lattice problem, losing only an insignificant portion of variability. Thus, the resulting map will present the cluster according to the efficiency shown in the Factor Analysis. The application refers to the performance evaluation of 50 employees of a company by means of scores on four psychological assessment tests (exams) and three indicators of sales results. The result of ranking these vendors according to performance was grouped into four homogeneous clusters.
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