Publicações - ciências exatas e da terra
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Jailton de Jesus Costa;
Simone S. S. Sardeiro;
Francisco de Assis Mendonça;
Rosemeri Melo e Souza
Palavra-chave:
Hancornia speciosa Gomes;
restinga;
colonization;
Tropical climate
Áreas do conhecimento:
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Geografia Física; Pedologia;
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Geociências; Geografia Física; Fotogeografia (Físico-Ecológica)
resumo ...
(pt)
The presence of Hancornia speciosa Gomes (mangabeira) in tropical climate areas is linked to the edaphoclimatic conditions demanded by this specie that is found in Brazil, spread from the state of Amapá to Espírito Santo. The general objective of this study was to discuss the colonization of Hancornia speciosa Gomes in restinga environments in tropical climate areas. It is an research is applied type research, with a qualitative-quantitative approach, emphasising procedures as bibliographical and documentary research, besides 49 technical visits in the spatial between the years of 2013 and 2019, that it was included Master's and Doctoral studies, funded by CAPES and CNPq. The adoption of a geographic concept of restinga allowed a better visualization and analysis of this environment, which presents the ideal soil and climate conditions for mangrove development, eventhough it has been threatened to the detriment, mainly, of urban sprawl. It is worth mentioning the proposal of classification of the restinga environments, once it allows a better biogeographic analysis of these transition environments in the Dunas - Restinga - Mata Atlântica trinomial. These three formation are considered as the ecological niche of mangabeira. Nowdays, restingas, despite the intense environmental vulnerability process that has transformed the natural environment into an anthropic and fragmented landscape, climatic and soil conditions still produce significant environmental conditions for the development of this specie. It is concluded that the colonization of populations of Hancornia speciosa Gomes in restingas is possible due to the abiotic, biotic factors and the evolutionary capacity of the species, represented by the dispersion.
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ALI, SHER;
BADSHAH, GUL;
DA ROS MONTES D?OCA, CAROLINE;
RAMOS CAMPOS, FRANCINETE;
NAGATA, NOEMI;
KHAN, AJMIR;
DE FÁTIMA COSTA SANTOS, MARIA;
Barison, Andersson
Palavra-chave:
Berberis
Áreas do conhecimento:
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Química; Ressonancia Magnetica Nuclear
resumo ...
Berberis laurina (Berberidaceae) is a well-known medicinal plant used in traditional medicine since ancient times; however, it is scarcely studied to a large-scale fingerprint. This work presents a broad-range fingerprints determination through high-resolution magical angle spinning (HR-MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, a well-established flexible analytical method and one of most powerful “omics” platforms. It had been intended to describe a large range of chemical compositions in all plant parts. Beyond that, HR-MAS NMR allowed the direct investigation of botanical material (leaves, stems, and roots) in their natural, unaltered states, preventing molecular changes. The study revealed 17 metabolites, including caffeic acid, and berberine, a remarkable alkaloid from the genus Berberis L. The metabolic pattern changes of the leaves in the course of time were found to be seasonally dependent, probably due to the variability of seasonal and environmental trends. This metabolites overview is of great importance in understanding plant (bio)chemistry and mediating plant survival and is influenceable by interacting environmental means. Moreover, the study will be helpful in medicinal purposes, health sciences, crop evaluations, and genetic and biotechnological research.
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Hercules Tancredo Moreira;
Luciana Grange;
Isac George Rosset;
Robson Fernando Missio
Palavra-chave:
BNF;
standard;
HPLC;
Bacteria;
Triticum aestivum
Áreas do conhecimento:
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Agronomia; Ciência do Solo; Microbiologia e Bioquímica do Solo;
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Química; Cromatografia;
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Química; Produtos Naturais
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(en)
In this study, we identified the presence and quantity of flavonoids produced in wheat roots inoculated with rhizobacteria. Our goal is to confirm the efficiency of standard isolates and show new strains with biotechnological potential to promote plant growth. The experiment was carried out with different isolates under inoculation in the following situations: T1-Azospirillum brasiliense; T2-Herbaspirillum seropedicae; T3-Azospirillum brasiliense and Herbaspirillum seropedicae co-inoculation; T4-native Enterobacter sp. nº 203; T5- native Enterobacter sp. nº 208; T6-native Enterobacter sp. nº 493; T7-Control only under nitrogen fertilization (N+); T8-Control without nitrogen (N-) and bacterial inoculation. Agronomic characteristics were assessed after 42 days of inoculation. Identification and quantification of flavonoids were carried out through HPLC, using an analytical curve with four standards based on Coumarin, Quercetin, Isoflavone and Rutin. Regarding the production of total flavonoids, two (203 and 493) out of the three native strains we tested were statistically significant, exceeding the values obtained from the inoculation of standard strains, which presented association with grasses (Azopirilum e Herbaspirillum). Standard bacteria, when inoculated in isolation, presented, along with those that received N+ treatment, the highest values for length and root and aerial part dry mass. New studies need to be carried out in order to confirm the technological use of these native strains as inoculant, as these bacteria may contribute to Biological Nitrogen Fixation (BNF) in wheat culture, either by competition or synergism.
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MOLITERNO, ANTONIONI ACÁCIO CAMPOS;
DE MELO, DOUGLAS JOSÉ;
Paulo Henrique Gorgatti Zarbin
Palavra-chave:
controle de pragas;
ecologia química
Áreas do conhecimento:
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Química; Química Orgânica; Evolução, Sistemática e Ecologia Química;
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Química; Química Orgânica; Química dos Produtos Naturais;
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Química; Química Orgânica; Síntese Orgânica
resumo ...
Mormidea v-luteum (Lichtenstein, 1796) feeds on commercial crops, such as rice and ryegrass, causing damage that slows growth and reduces productivity. With the aim of developing an eco-friendly control technique, we investigated the compounds involved in chemical communication in this species. The volatiles produced by a group of seven males or females allocated to different aerated glass chambers were collected for 24 h and analyzed by gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry and gas chromatography/Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The analyses showed six male-specific compounds, identified as two isomers of zingiberenol (compounds 1 and 2), three isomers of murgantiol (3, 5 and 6) and sesquipiperitol (4). Compounds 1 and 5 were the major components and were produced in a ratio of 6:4. The absolute stereochemistry of the two isomers of zingiberenol was established as (1S,4R,1’S)-1 and (1R,4R,1’S)-2 by chiral gas chromatography. Stereochemistry was not determined for all the other molecules. To confirm the attractiveness of these chemicals, bioassays were performed in a Y-tube olfactometer, first using crude extracts and, subsequently, synthetic compounds. Male volatiles were attractive to both sexes, demonstrating an aggregation pheromone. In bioassays with synthetic compounds, (1’S)-zingiberenol was highly attractive to both males and females. However, when (1’S)-murgantiol was tested, only females were attracted. Interestingly, when a mixture of zingiberenol and murgantiol isomers was tested, it was attractive to both sexes, with females more attracted to the mixture than to zingiberenol alone; males did not distinguish between treatments. Thus, the bioassay data suggest that the molecules have different functions in chemical communication of this species: zingiberenol acts primarily as an aggregation pheromone, while murgantiol plays a role as a sex pheromone.
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LIESENBERG, VERALDO;
FRERY, ALEJANDRO C.;
MARCATO, JOSE;
FEITOSA, RAUL QUEIROZ;
GOMES, ALESSANDRA RODRIGUES;
DOS SANTOS, JEFERSSON ALEX;
PAES, RAFAEL LEMOS;
Edson A Mitishita;
TOMMASELLI, ANTONIO M.G.;
SOMBRA DE SOMBRA, FATIMA N.
Palavra-chave:
GRSS society Chapter
Áreas do conhecimento:
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Geodésia; Sensoriamento Remoto
resumo ...
Reports on GRSS society Chapter activities in Brazil.
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MENDES, CASSIANA;
ANDRZEJEWSKI, RAFAEL G.;
PINTO, JULIANA M. O.;
DE NOVAIS, LEICE M. R.;
Barison, Andersson;
SILVA, MARCOS A. S.;
PARIZE, ALEXANDRE L.
Palavra-chave:
Drug delivery
Áreas do conhecimento:
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Química; Ressonancia Magnetica Nuclear
resumo ...
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the production method and the polymeric carrier on the ability to generate and maintain the supersaturation of a poorly soluble drug in biorelevant medium. The amorphous solid dispersion of sulfamethoxazole, an antibacterial drug, was produced using two different polymers by spray-drying or hot melt extrusion methods. When Eudragit EPO was used, supersaturation was maintained up to 24 h for both techniques at all drug-polymer proportions. However, when Soluplus was employed in hot melt extrusion, a smaller amount of drug was dissolved when compared to the amorphous drug. The proportion of 3:7 drug-Eudragit EPO (w/w) produced by spray-drying presented a higher amount of drug dissolved in supersaturation studies and it was able to maintain the physical stability under different storage conditions throughout the 90-day evaluation. Supersaturation generation and system stability were found to be related to more effective chemical interaction between the polymer and the drug provided by the production method, as revealed by the 1D ROESY NMR experiment. Investigation of drug-polymer interaction is critical in supersaturating drug delivery systems to avoid crystallization of the drug and to predict the effectiveness of the system. Chemical compounds studied in this article: Sulfamethoxazole (PubChem CID: 4539) and Methacrylate copolymer — Eudragit EPO (PubChem CID: 65358)
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Adonai Schlup Sant'Anna
Palavra-chave:
Identidade;
Indistinguibilidade;
Mecânica quântica
Áreas do conhecimento:
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Física; Física Geral; Física Clássica e Física Quântica; Mecânica e Campos
resumo ...
Quasi-set theory $${\mathcal {Q}}$$ allows us to cope with certain collections of objects where the usual notion of identity is not applicable, in the sense that $$x = x$$ is not a formula, if x is an arbitrary term. $${\mathcal {Q}}$$ was partially motivated by the problem of non-individuality in quantum mechanics. In this paper, I discuss the range of explanatory power of $${\mathcal {Q}}$$ for quantum phenomena which demand some notion of indistinguishability among quantum objects. My main focus is on the double-slit experiment, a major physical phenomenon which was never modeled from a quasi-set-theoretic point of view. The double-slit experiment strongly motivates the concept of degrees of indistinguishability within a field-theoretic approach, and that notion is simply missing in $${\mathcal {Q}}$$. Nevertheless, other physical situations may eventually demand a revision on quasi-set theory axioms, if someone intends to use it in the quantum realm for the purpose of a clear discussion about non-individuality. I use this opportunity to suggest another way to cope with identity in quantum theories.
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Gilberto Medeiros Kremer
Palavra-chave:
Instabilidade de Jeans;
Equacao de Boltzmann
Áreas do conhecimento:
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Física Geral; Física Estatística e Termodinâmica;
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Física; Física Geral; Relatividade e Gravitação
resumo ...
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Luis Felipe Nadalin;
Alberto Pio Fiori;
Donizeti Antonio Giusti;
Eduardo Salamuni
Palavra-chave:
Grupo Serra Geral;
Análise geotécnica;
Análise estrutural
resumo ...
(en)
The highway BR-116, located northeast of Rio Grande do Sul State, intersects the Escarpa da Serra Geral, composed of acid and basic lava flows of the volcanic Serra Geral Formation. Several mass movements can be observed on the highway, related to the fall and slides of blocks of the rocky slopes. As a hypothesis, it was intended to verify whether families of regional tectonic fractures induce the mass movements on the slope of BR-116. The objective of this research was to improve the methods of geotechnical investigation, correlating the Structural Geology with the stability of rocky slopes. Among the methods used are remote sensing and analysis of structural lineaments, geometric structural analysis, and geotechnical analysis of rock massifs (identification of possible rupture plans and calculation of their Safety Factors). The results of the regional structural lineaments indicate the predominance of the ENE direction, followed by the subordinate NE and WNW directions. Regarding the high angle fractures analyzed in the field, it was characterized the maximum direction N50-70E, similar to the one observed regionally. The interpretation of the mass movement diagram indicates that 75% of the movements that can occur in the BR-116 would be caused by wedge slides, and the rest are planar, with predominance of highangle discontinuities. The maximum direction of the lineaments (N70-90E) can generate movement in 6 of the 7 slopes studied, and the second maximum (N60-80W) conditions slides in 4 of the 7 points. This evidence shows that the structures coming from regional lineaments are the ones that can generate mass movements the most.
(pt)
A BR-116, localizada no nordeste do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, atravessa a Escarpa da Serra Geral, composta de derrames ácidos e básicos da Formação Serra Geral. Diversos movimentos de massa são observados na rodovia, relacionados com a queda e os deslizamentos de blocos dos taludes rochosos. Como hipótese, pretendeu-se verificar se as famílias de fraturas tectônicas regionais causam os movimentos de massa nos taludes da BR-116. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi aperfeiçoar os métodos de investigação geotécnica, correlacionando a Geologia Estrutural com a estabilidade de taludes rochosos. Entre os métodos utilizados estão o sensoriamento remoto e a análise de lineamentos estruturais, a análise estrutural geométrica e a análise geotécnica dos maciços rochosos (identificação de possíveis planos de ruptura e cálculo de seus fatores de segurança). Os resultados dos lineamentos estruturais regionais indicam o predomínio da direção ENE, seguida pelas direções subordinadas NE e WNW. Em relação às fraturas de alto ângulo analisadas em campo, caracterizou-se um máximo com direção N50-70E, similar ao observado regionalmente. A interpretação do diagrama de movimentos de massa indica que 75% dos movimentos que podem ocorrer na BR-116 seriam causados por deslizamentos em cunha, e o restante são planares, com predomínio de descontinuidades de alto ângulo. A direção máxima dos lineamentos (N70-90E) pode causar movimentos em seis dos sete taludes estudados, e o segundo máximo (N60-80W) condiciona deslizamentos em quatro dos sete pontos. Essa evidência mostra que as estruturas provenientes dos lineamentos regionais são as que mais podem gerar movimentos de massa.
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Talissa Naomi Oka;
Eliane do Rocio Alberti;
Guilherme Sippel Machado
Palavra-chave:
JOGOS DIDÁTICOS;
LUDICIDADE;
Ácidos e bases inorgânicas;
Reações de neutralização
Áreas do conhecimento:
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; EDUCAÇÃO EM QUÍMICA;
Ciências Exatas e da Terra; Química; Química Inorgânica; Físico Química Inorgânica
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