Publicações - ciências agrárias
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Anna Vitória Gurgel Knopki;
MARCELO RICARDO DE LIMA;
Igor Padilha Martinello
Palavra-chave:
Educação em solos;
Ensino Fundamental;
ENSINO MÉDIO;
Educação Básica
Áreas do conhecimento:
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Ciência do Solo; Educação em solos;
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Agronomia; Ciência do Solo; Fertilidade do Solo e Adubação
resumo ...
(pt)
O Programa de Extensão Universitária Solo na Escola/UFPR promove a divulgação do conhecimento científico sobre o solo para alunos e professores da Educação Básica, contribuindo para a conscientização de que o solo é um importante componente do ambiente natural e do ambiente antropizado e a importância de conservá-lo, contribuindo desta maneira para a Educação em Solos. Com o atual cenário de pandemia nos país, o Solo na Escola/UFPR teve que passar a desenvolver suas atividades, que normalmente eram presenciais, na modalidade à distância. Com o objetivo de promover a Educação em Solos, mesmo em um momento excepcional, a equipe do programa passou a desenvolver recursos didáticos, eventos e cursos que auxiliam os pesquisadores e extensionistas da área, professores e alunos do ensino fundamental e médio. As atividades foram desenvolvidas por professores e alunos ligados ao Programa no modo remoto e incluem a elaboração de vários livros e cartilhas, organização e participação em eventos e cursos on-line, criação de conteúdo para as redes sociais, entre outras atividades. Conclui-se então que o programa contribuiu para Educação em Solos mesmo durante o momento excepcional que o país vive, criando materiais e realizando atividades que auxiliam cientistas da Educação em Solos, professores e alunos do ensino médio e fundamental. Além disso, as atividades desenvolvidas contribuíram positivamente na formação profissional dos alunos de graduação envolvidos.
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ANGHINONI, IBANOR;
Fabiane Machado Vezzani
Palavra-chave:
atributos químicos do solo;
auto-organização;
manejo e conservação do solo;
sistemas integrados
Áreas do conhecimento:
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Agronomia; Ciência do Solo; Fertilidade do Solo e Adubação;
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Agronomia; Ciência do Solo; Manejo e Conservação do Solo
resumo ...
ABSTRACT: Soil Fertility is one of the most relevant fields of Soil Science related to agricultural production, especially in tropical and subtropical environments, due to the prevalence of weathered and naturally unproductive soils. However, indicators of Soil Fertility currently used do not represent what actual happens in the soil; once must be understood as a process. The wisdom of this importance occurred in Antiquity and evolved until the mid-19th century, when the mineralist concept was proposed, which is still dominant [...]
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Ana Paula Smirdele;
Vanessa Tiemi Endo;
Larissa Donat Almagro;
Karim Chisthine Pase Montagnini;
Bruna Maíra Panini;
Carla Gomes Paula;
Aline de Marco Viott;
Flavio Shigueru Jojima
Palavra-chave:
Coração;
neoplasia;
patofisiologia
Áreas do conhecimento:
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Medicina Veterinária; Clínica e Cirurgia Animal; Diagnóstico por Imagem;
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Medicina Veterinária; Cardiologia Veterinária
resumo ...
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Marieli Sabrina Ruza;
Ana Paula DallaCorte;
Alessandro Camargo Angelo;
Carlos Roberto Sanquetta;
vagner alex pesck
Palavra-chave:
Laser Scanner;
mensuração florestal;
inventário florestal;
medição florestal;
levantamentos dendrométricos;
Eucalyptus sp.
Áreas do conhecimento:
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Tecnologia de Alimentos;
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal; Silvicultura; Fisiologia Florestal;
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal; Manejo Florestal; Dendrometria e Inventário Florestal
resumo ...
(pt)
This study evaluates the influence of the cropping system in the extraction of Eucalyptus benthamii metrics by terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) and by traditional inventory. The hypothesis is that the extraction methods do not differ significantly from each other. The study area consists of a conventional planting system under 3 x 2 m spacing, and a CFI (crop-forest integration) system under 14 x 2 m spacing. To obtain the variables DBH (diameter at 1.3 m aboveground) and total height (H), we used a traditional inventory and collected data with TLS. For point cloud processing, we manually extracted the metrics DBH and H by simple scanning. We estimated total volume (V) by a fitted equation that matches the characteristics of the study area. To estimate above-ground biomass (AGB), we fitted models based on AGB data provided by the NITA project and by BIOFIX. Better visualization of trees in the CFI system facilitated metric extraction, leading to less data variability. In addition, DBH, V, and AGB values were higher in the CFI system compared to the conventional system. However, when including the number of trees per hectare, the conventional system is more productive. The initial hypothesis was confirmed. Therefore, metric extraction using the traditional inventory and TLS methods did not differ significantly for the two cropping systems considered.
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BALDOTTO, SUELEN BERGER;
SOMMA, ANDRÉ TAVARES;
Rogério Ribas Lange;
Marcello Machado;
MOORE, BRET A.;
Fabiano Montiani Ferreira
Palavra-chave:
wild animal ophthalmology;
gavião Carcará
Áreas do conhecimento:
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Medicina Veterinária; Clínica e Cirurgia Animal; Oftalmologia Veterinária
resumo ...
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Florencio Teodoro Trujillo;
R J Klitzke;
Márcio Pereira da Rocha;
Héctor Enrique Gonzales Mora;
Carlos Edmundo Chuquicaja Segura
Palavra-chave:
conventional drying;
Air velocity;
Teak
Áreas do conhecimento:
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal; Tecnologia e Utilização de Produtos Florestais; Relações Água-Madeira e Secagem
resumo ...
(es)
The effect of air velocity of 2.5 and 3.5 ms -1 was evaluated in the artificial drying of eight loads of 60 boards each, at two height positions of the shaft: the base and the top, with initial humidity in green and in the PSF by air drying, using twenty Tectona grandis Lf trees from a 33-year-old plantation in Chanchamayo, Peru. The drying time, rate, and quality of the wood were determined. In air drying, the Pearson correlation was positive linear between the free water drying rate with temperature (0.997) and air velocity (0.987), and negative linear with relative air humidity (-0.996), precipitation (-0.97), and drying time (-0.976). The artificial drying time of the wood showed a significant direct relationship with the initial humidity level, and an inverse relationship with the air velocity. The drying rate of free water showed a significant direct relationship with the air velocity, while it was significantly higher than that of hygroscopic water. The position of the wood at the height of the shaft did not significantly influence the time and rate of both air and artificial drying. The quality of the wood drying did not show significant dependence on the air velocity, the position of the wood at the height of the shaft, and on the initial drying humidity. The drying defects observed do not compromise the production of quality products with a uniform final moisture content of 10%.
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Florencio Teodoro Trujillo;
R J Klitzke;
Márcio Pereira da Rocha;
Héctor Enrique Gonzales Mora;
Carlos Edmundo Chuquicaja Segura
Palavra-chave:
conventional drying;
Air velocity;
Teak
resumo ...
(es)
The effect of air velocity of 2.5 and 3.5 ms -1 was evaluated in the artificial drying of eight loads of 60 boards each, at two height positions of the shaft: the base and the top, with initial humidity in green and in the PSF by air drying, using twenty Tectona grandis Lf trees from a 33-year-old plantation in Chanchamayo, Peru. The drying time, rate, and quality of the wood were determined. In air drying, the Pearson correlation was positive linear between the free water drying rate with temperature (0.997) and air velocity (0.987), and negative linear with relative air humidity (-0.996), precipitation (-0.97), and drying time (-0.976). The artificial drying time of the wood showed a significant direct relationship with the initial humidity level, and an inverse relationship with the air velocity. The drying rate of free water showed a significant direct relationship with the air velocity, while it was significantly higher than that of hygroscopic water. The position of the wood at the height of the shaft did not significantly influence the time and rate of both air and artificial drying. The quality of the wood drying did not show significant dependence on the air velocity, the position of the wood at the height of the shaft, and on the initial drying humidity. The drying defects observed do not compromise the production of quality products with a uniform final moisture content of 10%.
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VIEZZER, JENNIFER;
DANIELA BIONDI
Palavra-chave:
Coronavirus;
COVID-19 incidence;
Ecosystem services Nature?s;
urban forest;
Vegetation cover
Áreas do conhecimento:
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal; Conservação da Natureza; Arborização Urbana;
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal; Conservação da Natureza; Recuperação de Areas Degradadas;
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal; Silvicultura; Fisiologia Florestal
resumo ...
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GONÇALVES, THAÍS A. P.;
NAVARRO, ALEXANDRE G.;
Silvana Nisgoski;
SONSIN-OLIVEIRA, JULIA
Palavra-chave:
wood identification;
waterlogged
resumo ...
Trees have always been important to provide wood as a building material for human settlements. In prehistory, houses on stilts were commonly built in or near to bodies of water. This strategy allowed defense against attacks and subsistence fishing. In Brazil, archeological pile dwelling sites are found only in Maranhão state, Eastern Amazonia. These sites were inhabited by the “Water People” between 1230 and 1050 BP. Considering the many different tree species in the area, the present work aimed to identify the archeological waterlogged wood used most by these inhabitants. The studied archeological site is named “Encantado,” and it covers 13 hectares and has 171 identified waterlogged wood pillars. Although the “environment conditions” (with dry and flooding periods) to which the pillars were submitted were harsh, the wood anatomy was preserved; additionally, despite the homogeneity of wood anatomy, it was possible to identify seven groups that might correspond to different species and/or trees. Of those, the majority (32 samples) was identified as the genera Tabebuia/Handroanthus, both popularly known as “ipê.” In addition, the ipê samples had the spectrum collected with the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) as a complementary method for wood characterization. NIR and principal component analysis (PCA) data allowed the differentiation of ipê samples with ca. 80% of variation between data. However, PCA did not separate them according to their types. Further, when NIR spectra of wood pillars were compared with recently sawn ipê wood, the samples were separated; therefore, the latter cannot be used to identify waterlogged wood.
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Fabiana de Orte Stamm;
Luana Oliveira Leite;
STAMM, M. J.;
Carla Forte Maiolino Molento
Palavra-chave:
Animal husbandry;
animal pain;
animal welfare;
lamb;
sheep
Áreas do conhecimento:
CIENCIAS_AGRARIAS; Bem-estar animal
resumo ...
Context Brazilian sheep production chain includes farms that raise sheep to produce breeding rams and ewes, i.e. stud farms, and farms that raise sheep to breed lambs for meat. However, there are few studies on sheep welfare in Brazil. Aims To assess the welfare of sheep in Brazil, comparing ewes on stud and meat farms. Methods Seven stud (S) and 10 meat (M) farms were assessed in the metropolitan regions of Curitiba and Castro, State of Parana, using the Animal Welfare Indicators protocol for sheep. Results of both groups were compared using Fisher’s exact test for yes or no questions, Mann–Whitney test for non-normal data and linear mixed models to check each indicator, with significance level at 0.05. Key results Main characteristics that reduce sheep welfare were low body condition scores (40.6% on both groups), lesions to the legs (S = 45.9%, M = 56.0%), and pain induced by tail docking, with most ewes having a short tail length (S = 79.1%, M = 85.6%). Comparing both groups, ewes from stud farms presented less light faecal soiling (S = 1.3%, M = 27.0%), less faecal soiling and dags (S = 0%, M = 15.7%), better fleece cleanliness (S = 64.8%, M = 19.8%), fewer lesions to the head and neck (S = 3.2%, M = 12.3%), and higher frequency of panting (S = 28.0%, M = 1.5%). Conclusions We were able to identify the main welfare restrictions in both stud and meat farms, and the hypothesis that welfare is higher on stud farms was not confirmed. Implications The identification of on-farm welfare concerns as well as the differences between stud and meat farms allows for readily applicable recommendations, tailored to improve welfare within the prevalent sheep-rearing systems in southern Brazil. This experience with the Animal Welfare Indicators protocol for sheep in the Brazilian context may facilitate further studies and implementation of permanent welfare monitoring and action plans.
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